When Archbishop Lefebvre established the Society of St. Pius X (where he used the name of Pope St. Pius X because of the Saint’s battle against the evil of Modernism) following the promulgation of Pope Paul VI’s Mass, also known as the Novus Ordo Mass, it caused controversy in the Catholic Church but provided hope for those who still adhere to the Catholic Tradition. When Pope John Paul II declared Archbishop Lefebvre and his newly consecrated bishop to be schismatic, they were automatically excommunicated (but not the whole SSPX).